The following article was written for the Orchid Species Bulletin published by the Orchid Species Society, which is based in Brisbane, Queensland in September 2009.

Bear in mind that any cultivation notes refer to the sub-tropical conditions of Southern Queensland, Australia.

Brasilaelia purpurata (Lindl. & Paxton) Campacci was discovered by François Devos in Santa Catharina, Brazil in 1847 and sent to Vershaffelt at Ghent, Belgium.Plants were distributed from the Vershaffelt nursery in Europe where it flowered first for James Backhouse & Sons of York , England .John Lindley and Joseph Paxton first described this species as Laelia purpurata Lindl. & Paxton in Paxton's Flower Garden in 1852.The specific epithet comes from the Latin purpuratus (dressed in purple) for the colour of the mid-lobe of the lip in the type specimen.

Based upon studies on DNA sequence data analysis, Casio van den Berg and Mark Chase transferred L. purpurata to the genus Sophronitis Lindl. [S. purpurata (Lindl. & Paxton) Van den Berg & M.W.Chase] in Lindleyana in 2000. Many orchid growers (me included) have found this concept somewhat hard to accept.

Guy Chiron and Vitorino Castro Neto (2002), Marcos Campacci and Sergio Gutfreund (2006) and Guido Braem (2006) have interpreted the work on DNA analysis differently. Chiron and Castro transferred L. purpurata tothe new genus Hadrolaelia in Richardiana in 2002.

Campacci and Braem independently subdivided Hadrolaelia Chiron & V.P.Castro and removed the species that were formerly included in Laelia section Cattleyodes Schltr. Campacci transferred L. purpurata to Brasilaelia in Coletánea de Orquídeas Brasilieiras in February 2006 and Braem made the transfer to Chironiella in Richardiana in April 2006.

Cassio van den Berg has ventured further with the DNA studies and has accepted the transfer of this species to Cattleya [C. purpurata (Lindl. & Paxton) Beer] in Neodiversity in 2008.

Bll. purpurata is an epiphytic plant that has club-shaped to spindle-shaped pseudobulbs that are somewhat laterally compressed or flattened. The pseudobulbs are smooth when young and become ribbed with age and are 15-50 cm long and 2-3 cm broad. Each pseudobulb has a single leathery, oblong-ligulate upright leaf that is 22-40 cm long and 4-5 cm broad at the apex. An upright raceme that is 20-32 cm long is produced from a compressed apical sheath that is about 15 cm long.

The raceme carries 2-5 (-8) showy flowers that open simultaneously and are 15-20 (-25) cm across. Variable in colour, the flowers of Bll. purpurata usually have white to delicate pink sepals and petals.Its tubular, trumpet-shaped lip is similarly coloured on the outside and has a yellow throat that is veined purple to crimson. The side-lobes and base of the mid-lobe are rich deep crimson-purple. Lasting for 2-3 weeks, the flowers produce a pleasant scent.

In the past, numerous colour forms and cultivars have been described. Some of the more distinctive forms include:

Bll. purpurata fma. alba Veitch has white sepals and petals with the lip veined with pale rose.

Bll. purpurata fma. atropurpurea B.S.Williams has intense rose sepals and petals with a lip that is purple inside and out and has a yellow throat with purple veining.

Bll. purpurata fma. carnea Hort. possesses pure white sepals and petals and a white lip that is marked with a yellowish throat and flesh-pink mid-lobe.

Bll. purpurata fma. flammea varies from white to rose, often with the sepals longitudinally striped with darker rose.Its petals are marked in the centre, sometimes from the base, towards the tip with red-purple and the lip is dark purple.

Bll. purpurata fma. russelliana B.S.Williams has pale sepals and petals that are suffused with lilac and has a band of pale rose near the light yellow throat that is veined with rose.

Bll. purpurata fma. striata L.Linden has pinkish sepals and petals that may rarely be white and petals that have longitudinal red stripes. The surface of the lip is purple-red and a yellow throat that is veined purple-red.

Bll. purpurata fma. virginalis L.C.Menezes has pure white flowers with the throat of the lip that may or may not be marked with yellow of varying intensity.

Bll. purpurata fma. werkhauseri Hort. produces white flowers with a lip that has a yellow throat and is veined with deep slate-blue. In addition, the mid-lobe is tinged with the same dark slate-blue.

Endemic to Brazil, Bll. purpurata has been found in the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. This species was declared the state Floral Emblem for Santa Catarina in 1983.

Easy to grow and flower in the south-east Queensland region, Bll. purpurata requires a well-drained medium with bright light such as 50-70% shade. Ensure good air circulation with high humidity and water it regularly during the warmer months. Give it a slightly drier winter rest, with occasional water or misting in the morning on sunny days to prevent the pseudobulbs from shrivelling.